트랜잭션 문제 해결 - 트랜잭션 AOP 적용

MemberServiceV3_3

package hello.jdbc.service;

import hello.jdbc.domain.Member;
import hello.jdbc.repository.MemberRepositoryV3;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;

import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * 트랜잭션 - 트랜잭션 AOP
 */
@Slf4j
public class MemberServiceV3_3 {


//    private final PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;

    private final MemberRepositoryV3 memberRepository;

    public MemberServiceV3_3(MemberRepositoryV3 memberRepository) {
        this.memberRepository = memberRepository;
    }

    @Transactional
    public void accountTransfer(String fromId, String toId, int money) throws SQLException {

            // 비즈니스 로직
                bizLogic(fromId, toId, money);

    }

    private void bizLogic(String fromId, String toId, int money) throws SQLException {
        Member fromMember = memberRepository.findById(fromId);
        Member toMember = memberRepository.findById(toId);

        memberRepository.update(fromId, fromMember.getMoney() - money);
        validation(toMember);
        memberRepository.update(toId, toMember.getMoney() + money);
    }

    private void validation(Member toMember) {
        if (toMember.getMemberId().equals("ex")) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("이체 중 예외 발생");
        }
    }
}

● 순수한 비즈니스 로직만 남기고, 트랜잭션 관련 코드는 모두 제거했다.스프링이 제공하는 트랜잭션 AOP를 적용하기 위해 @Transactional 애노테이션을 추가했다.
● @Transactional 애노테이션은 메서드에 붙여도 되고, 클래스에 붙여도 된다. 클래스에 붙이면 외부에서 호출 가능한 public 메서드가 AOP 적용 대상이 된다.

 

 

 

 

 

MemberServiceV3_3Test

package hello.jdbc.service;

import hello.jdbc.domain.Member;
import hello.jdbc.repository.MemberRepositoryV3;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.assertj.core.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.TestConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import static hello.jdbc.connection.ConnectionConst.*;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;

/**
 * 트랜잭션 - @Transactional AOP
 */
@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
class MemberServiceV3Test_3 {

    public static final String MEMBER_A = "memberA";
    public static final String MEMBER_B = "memberB";
    public static final String MEMBER_EX = "ex";

    @Autowired
    private MemberRepositoryV3 memberRepository;
    @Autowired
    private MemberServiceV3_3 memberService;


    @TestConfiguration
    static class TestConfig {

        @Bean
        DataSource dataSource() {
            return new DriverManagerDataSource(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        }

        @Bean
        PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
            return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource());
        }

        @Bean
        MemberRepositoryV3 memberRepositoryV3() {
            return new MemberRepositoryV3(dataSource());
        }

        @Bean
        MemberServiceV3_3 memberServiceV3_3() {
            return new MemberServiceV3_3(memberRepositoryV3());
        }
    }

/*    @BeforeEach
    void before() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        memberRepository = new MemberRepositoryV3(dataSource);
        memberService = new MemberServiceV3_3(memberRepository);
    }*/
    @AfterEach
    void after() throws SQLException {
        memberRepository.delete(MEMBER_A);
        memberRepository.delete(MEMBER_B);
        memberRepository.delete(MEMBER_EX);
    }

    @Test
    void AopCheck() {
        log.info("memberService class={}", memberService.getClass());
        log.info("memberRepository class={}", memberRepository.getClass());
        Assertions.assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(memberService)).isTrue();
        Assertions.assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(memberRepository)).isFalse();
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("정상 이체")
    void accountTransfer() throws SQLException {
        Member memberA = new Member(MEMBER_A, 10000);
        Member memberB = new Member(MEMBER_B, 10000);
        memberRepository.save(memberA);
        memberRepository.save(memberB);

        memberService.accountTransfer(memberA.getMemberId(), memberB.getMemberId(), 2000);

        Member findMemberA = memberRepository.findById(memberA.getMemberId());
        Member findMemberB = memberRepository.findById(memberB.getMemberId());
        assertThat(findMemberA.getMoney()).isEqualTo(8000);
        assertThat(findMemberB.getMoney()).isEqualTo(12000);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("이체 중 예외 발생")
    void accountTransferEx() throws SQLException {
        Member memberA = new Member(MEMBER_A, 10000);
        Member memberEx = new Member(MEMBER_EX, 10000);
        memberRepository.save(memberA);
        memberRepository.save(memberEx);

        assertThatThrownBy(() -> memberService.accountTransfer(memberA.getMemberId(), memberEx.getMemberId(), 2000))
                .isInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class);


        Member findMemberA = memberRepository.findById(memberA.getMemberId());
        Member findMemberB = memberRepository.findById(memberEx.getMemberId());
        assertThat(findMemberA.getMoney()).isEqualTo(10000);
        assertThat(findMemberB.getMoney()).isEqualTo(10000);
    }
}

● @SpringBootTest : 스프링 AOP를 적용하려면 스프링 컨테이너가 필요하다. 이 애노테이션이 있으면 테스트시 스프링 부트를 통해 스프링 컨테이너를 생성한다. 그리고 테스트에서 @Autowired 등을 통해 스프링 컨테이너가 관리하는 빈들을 사용할 수 있다.
● @TestConfiguration : 테스트 안에서 내부 설정 클래스를 만들어서 사용하면서 이 에노테이션을 붙이면,  스프링 부트가 자동으로 만들어주는 빈들에 추가로 필요한 스프링 빈들을 등록하고 테스트를 수행할 수 있다.

● TestConfig
    ▶DataSource 스프링에서 기본으로 사용할 데이터소스를 스프링 빈으로 등록한다. 추가로 트랜잭션 매니저에서도 사용한다.
    ▶DataSourceTransactionManager 트랜잭션 매니저를 스프링 빈으로 등록한다.

    ▶스프링이 제공하는 트랜잭션 AOP는 스프링 빈에 등록된 트랜잭션 매니저를 찾아서 사용하기 때문에 트랜잭션 매니저를 스프링 빈으로 등록해두어야 한다.

 

 

 

 

AOP 프록시 적용 확인

@Test
void AopCheck() {
    log.info("memberService class={}", memberService.getClass());
    log.info("memberRepository class={}", memberRepository.getClass());
    Assertions.assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(memberService)).isTrue();
    Assertions.assertThat(AopUtils.isAopProxy(memberRepository)).isFalse();
}

 

 

 

 

실행 결과 - AopCheck()

memberService class=class hello.jdbc.service.MemberServiceV3_3$
$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$...
memberRepository class=class hello.jdbc.repository.MemberRepositoryV3

● 먼저 AOP 프록시가 적용되었는지 확인해보자. AopCheck() 의 실행 결과를 보면 memberService 에 EnhancerBySpringCGLIB.. 라는 부분을 통해 프록시(CGLIB)가 적용된 것을 확인할 수 있다. memberRepository 에는 AOP를 적용하지 않았기 때문에 프록시가 적용되지 않는다.
● 나머지 테스트 코드들을 실행해보면 트랜잭션이 정상 수행되고, 실패시 정상 롤백된 것을 확인할 수 있다.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

출처 : 김영환 스프링 DB 강의